The Leader Essay Example For Students

The Leader Essay In a crisis, a persons true colors emerge. The weak are separated from the strong and the leaders are separated from the followers. In John Steinbecks novel The Grapes of Wrath, the Joad family, forced from their home in Oklahoma, head to California in search of work and prosperity only to find poverty and despair. As a result of a crisis, Ma Joad emerges as a controlled, forceful, and selfless authority figure for the family. Ma Joad exhibits exelent self-control during the sufferings and frustrations of the Joads journey. Ma knows that she is the backbone of the family, and that they will survive only if she remains calm. Ma keeps her self-control when Ruthie tells some children about Toms secret. The family becomes nervous and enraged over the situation, but Ma restores order by handling the situation in a calm and collected manner. If Ma were to ever show fear, the family would most likely collapse. For, Old Tom and the children could not know hurt or fear unless she acknowledged hurt or fear. Thus, if Ma acts as if everything is all right, then the family will assume everything is all right. Most members of the family openly express their doubts or fears. Ma may be just as frightened as the rest of the family, but she always maintains a front for the rest of the family. When Ma had fears, She had practiced denying them in herself. This extraordinary self-control helps to keep the Joad unit together an d alive. Ma, like all leaders, must be forceful for things to work in her favor. Numerous situations occur in which Ma must be forceful or relinquish her role as the head of the family. Her forceful leadership occurs once when the family, without Mas consent, agrees to leave Tom and Casey behind to fix the Wilsons car. Ma feels this will break up the family and uses a jack handle to prove her point. It is at this point Ma replaces Pa as the official head of the family. Mas forceful leadership also surfaces when she threatens a police officer with a frying pan and when she decides for the family to leave the government camp. In both situations Ma must use force to achieve her objectives; in both situations, she emerges victorious. Eventually, Pa becomes angered because of his loss of power to a woman and says in frustration, Seems like times is changed. Mas will and forcefulness help her to be the steadfast leader her family needs in its darkest hour. We will write a custom essay on The Leader specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Mas selflessness emerges as her most important quality as the leader of the family unit. Often Ma sacrifices her own well-being for that of the family. For example, Ma risks her mental well-being when Granma is dying. The family stops at the California border, and Granma is dead. Ma fears that if she tells the guard, the family might not be allowed to enter California. She lies to the guard, saying Granma feels very sick and needs a doctor. She spends the rest of the night lying beside the body, waiting until it is safe to tell the family. In response to the situation, Ma says miserably, The fambly hadda get acrost. Mas selfless qualities are also expressed by her actions toward Jim Caseys ideals. Casey feels that all is holy, and everything is a holy action. In nearly every action, Ma shows concern for her familys needs and sometimes, when the situation arises, the needs of strangers as well. Also, Casey believes in an oversoul, and Mas selflessness embraces this concept. Ma thinks of everyone as if she is thinking of herself, making her one with the whole community, thus fulfilling the oversoul concept. Mas sacrifice of her needs for those of the family is a subtle yet powerful method of her leadership of the family unit. .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff , .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff .postImageUrl , .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff , .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff:hover , .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff:visited , .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff:active { border:0!important; } .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff:active , .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u891ac45dc54f8ef921f111eb56322dff:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Was he Sane? EssayIn the Joads hour of darkness, Ma emerges as their savior. Mas success can be attributed to superb self-control, forcefulness, and selflessness. Just as Ma leads, Pa is shown to be no more than a reluctant follower. In a crisis, a persons true colors show. Some people run and hide, some step aside to follow, and a select few step up

The Accounting Scandal at WorldCom Essays

The Accounting Scandal at WorldCom Essays The Accounting Scandal at WorldCom Paper The Accounting Scandal at WorldCom Paper WorldCom is a telecommunication company that evolves from a merger between Long Distance Discount Services, Inc (LDDS) and Advantage Companies in August 1989. Eight years later in 1997, WorldCom announced another multi-billion merger with MCI Communications that was worth US$37 billion. The mega merger became the largest merger in terms of value in the 20th century. Unfortunately, after the acquisition of MCI, telecommunication industry experienced a downturn that forced telecommunication companies to restructure their finance. The situation also occurred at WorldCom in which in 2000, the company’s stock was plummeting and Ebbers as the corporate CEO had responsibility to cover this WorldCom stock margin calls that used to finance other’s Ebbers business. To overcome this problem, Ebbers forced WorldCom’s Board of Directors to give corporate loans that accounted for $400 millions to cover the margin calls that emerge, but this effort has failed. To hide this failed financial condition, Buford Yates as Director of General Accounting under direction of Scott Sullivan as CFO used insincere accounting method by create bogus financial records and profitability to increase the value of WorldCom’s stock. This evil action commenced in 1999 and run until May 2002. Scandal at WorldCom 2. 1. Facts According to several articles discussing the WorldCom scandal, we find that this fraudulent happened due to support from the corporate managements. There are many underlying facts behind the scandals as following (‘How Did’, 2002): WorldCom executives committed accounting fraud that pushed the company to be the largest bankruptcy in the US. The insincerity was hidden from stakeholders and public but disclosed in 2002 Several employments show evidences like hiding bad debt and understating costs that proven the insincerity discovered as early as 2001; however, WorldCom’s Board of Directors did not pay attention to this claim. In June 2001, there were stakeholders that do prosecution against WorldCom but it was elapsing due to lack of evidences. II. 2. Ethical Guidelines WorldCom scandal represents the biggest mistake in American business. WorldCom was proven to violate many ethical guidelines by committing insincerity in providing financial figures to stakeholders and public; some of the violation are as following: Customer commitment Ought to be a big company, WorldCom must hold the trust given by customers by delivering good services. However, customers’ trusts were violated for personal business. Stakeholders’ commitment Public commitment As a public company, WorldCom have responsibility to public to provide true corporate figures. After WorldCom Bankruptcy, stakeholders and investors had low confidence towards financial statement of corporations that caused the slow growth of stock markets. II. 3. Who Was Affected? The bankruptcy of WorldCom presents a domino effect in all of sector, especially at stocks market and telecommunication services. When WorldCom announced their bankruptcy, share price of Nokia, Sony Ericsson, Vodafone, Alcatel and other telecommunication companies experienced a significant downturn. For example, share price of Nokia experienced five-percent decline, Sony Ericsson descended nine percent, and Vodafone descended 17 percent. Meanwhile, Alcatel experienced heaviest blow by descending 17 percent momentary gratuities after announcing of expense amputation meaning employees reduction . II. 4. Avoidance and Preventions in Future Most of accounting scandals involve insiders (85% of scandals). Another 55% of accounting scandals also involve high-level managements and company’s executives. All insincerity will generate bad impact for company and company stakeholders. Therefore, it requires some prevention action so that a coming fraudulent can be avoided. There are some ways to avoid the fraud in a company: (Waymark, 2006) Observe the financial accounting One of important matters is to give more attention to company financial reports. A research finds that companies focus more on asset misappropriations and computer crimes (63%) while deception of financial accounting only 21%. Observing the executives Second way is to observe all company’s executive in the moment of company merger, after promotion, and new market extension. This is because all executives have work and serve company in a long time. However, if we consider facts and results of fraud, we find that executives conduct a lot of fraud in a company. Reference: ‘How Did WorldCom Go Bankrupt? ’ 2002. Retrieved June 19, 2007 from www. securitiesfraudfyi. com/ ‘Is the backbone broken? ’ 2002. Retrieved June 19, 2007 from http://money. cnn. com/ Midleton, James. 2002. ‘WorldCom domino effect begins’ Retrieved June 19, 2007 from vnunet. com/vnunet/news/2119227/worldcom-domino-effect-begins Waymark, Stuart. 2006. ‘Preventing Corporate Fraud: Know and avoid the myths’. Retrieved June 19, 2007 from http://int. sitestat. com/ernst-and-young/south-africa/s? South_Africa_Home. Media. 2006_Press_Releases. 14_Aug_06_Preventing_Corporate_Fraud

Composer biography (Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky) Essay

Composer biography (Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky) - Essay Example When he was four years old, he composed a song with his younger sister Alexandra. He began piano lessons at the age of four, with a local teacher. He soon learnt to read music as well as his teacher in three years. He became familiar with Frederic Chopin’s mazurkas. In 1850, Tchaikovsky was sent to the prestigious Imperial School of Jurisprudence in St.Petersburg , an all boys school. He studied there for nine years. He was popular among his peers, and had intense emotional ties with several boys. As music was not given much importance in the institute, Tchaikovsky’s father paid for his piano lessons from Rudolph Kundiger outside the School,. In the meantime, Pyotr’s mother died due to cholera., which had a great emotional impact on the boy. When he was seventeen, Tchaikovsky was influenced by the Italian music instructor, Luigi Piccioli. Tchaikovsky loved Italian music, and it influenced his compositions. He admired Mozart’s Don Giovanni. He graduated in 1859 from the Imperial School of Jurisprudence and started working as a junior civil servant. He worked there for three years although he did not like the work. Realizing that his vocation was music, he resigned from the post to study music. According to Daniel.G.Mason, who writes in his â€Å"Personal Life†, Tchaikovsky was a â€Å"ready improviser†, and could play music well for dancing, and was blessed with a â€Å"rich sense of harmony†. When Tchaikovsky joined St. Petersburg Conservatory and studied music, he was one of its first students. After graduating in 1865, he got a job as a teacher of music theory in the Moscow Conservatory. According to Mason, Tchaikovsky now had â€Å"the courage to attempt his first symphony’’, ‘Winter Dreams.’ He was so overwrought by nerves, that he stopped composing anything in the night.. In the first ten years in Moscow, he produced varied kinds of music from operas to string quartets, which built up his reputation His first opera,

Identify and Critically examine PERSONALISATION Essay

Identify and Critically examine PERSONALISATION - Essay Example This paper analyses one of the most questionable components of personalisation: the process of commissioning. This paper argues that the contemporary techniques of commissioning do not constantly result in favourable outcomes for service users, in particular, for the mentally ill and disabled. Commissioners, quite frequently, evaluate good outcomes against service practices and results rather than in relation to what has been accomplished and enhanced outcomes for service users (Seden, Matthews, McCormick & Morgan, 2010). A more holistic commissioning process for social care is the biggest challenge of personalisation. This paper discusses the definition, importance, and implication of personalisation to social work and community care. It primarily examines the extent of the progress of the personalisation initiative, emphasising and comparing the experiences with and perceptions of the mentally ill and the disabled of the effectiveness of personalisation agenda, specifically with re gard to the issue of commissioning. Second, the paper analyses the concerns raised by the execution of personalised social work and community care, with an emphasis on commissioning as a potential basis of reform. A great deal of the discussion here puts emphasis on individual budgets as the most beneficial case of current commissioning procedures, even though with some consideration of the significance of other components of personalisation, such as building social capital. Because personalisation has been recognised as a new and revolutionary model of public service reform, it has drawn much attention, as well as criticism. This paper discusses personalisation in England since this is where personalisation has progressed significantly. This paper examines the problems confronting commissioners with regard to personalisation, reflecting on the divergence between policy and practice. This discussion is of great importance to scholars, managers, policymakers, and people engaged in de veloping quality social care, building the benefits and privileges, and challenges and risks confronting those responsible for improving personalised social care. Personalisation: Definition, Importance, and Implication to Social Care Personalisation implies perceiving social care services in a completely distinct way. This implies beginning with the individual as a person with a purpose, inclinations, and strengths, and placing emphasis on them in the course of recognising their needs and preferences on the way they are supported and assisted to live fully (Carr, 2010). It demands a major change in the way social care is perceived and planned so that all services, personnel, procedures, and systems are equipped to prioritise people (Needham, 2010). The usual service-oriented model has generally implied that individuals have not been given the appropriate assistance at the appropriate time and have been incapable of developing the type of assistance they require (Carr, 2010). Basica lly, personalisation concerns granting individuals much more control over the way they live their lives and does not merely concern

Saudi Arabia And America Essay Example for Free

Saudi Arabia And America Essay When you talk or hear about Saudi Arabia and America, you know they are talking about the most important two countries in the world. When I graduated from high school in my country Saudi Arabia I was not thinking about to study out of the country. I applied for King Abdul-Aziz University in Jeddah I have been there for just one month until my brother asked me to go to United State of America. I had no idea what are the difference between my country and America when I arrived to America I saw too many difference between my country and U. S such as Food, Cost. The first thing and the most important thing is Food. There are big different between my country and United State Of America like there in Saudi Arabia most of week days we eat rice with fish, chicken and meat, and I like this way too much because I always play two times a day so I think I need a lot of protein and also my family cook every day in our home while here in America their food it always burger and pizza and here in America me and my brother do not cook every day and it’s hard for us because I used to eat my mother cocking almost every day but now I eat too much fast food such as burgers, pizzas . The second thing that everyone doesn’t like is The Cost. There are big different between Saudi Arabia and United States of America like there in my country the oil is cheaper than water because we have a lot of oil wells that why it is cheap. In my country we don’t have any taxes. For example, if I have place that sells cigarettes I don’t pay for any tax. Here in America the oil is so expensive if you want to buy a car you have to think that if you can afford buying the oil for your car and if you can’t afford you can’t buy a car. The taxes are so expensive in U.  S and this is why life in America is more expensive than Saudi Arabia because everything you buy has tax. Life is beautiful and trying new experiences is more beautiful. The experience I had and I will never forget about the first day in America. The food was my biggest problem because I was eating almost every day my mother cocking but here in America I eat fast food such as burger, pizza. The Oil in Saudi Arabia is cheaper than water but in America is so expensive. We don’t have any taxes in Saudi Arabia this is why life in Saudi Arabia is cheaper than America.

day spa marketing plan Essay -- essays research papers

Industry Overview: There are an estimated 12,100 spas throughout the United States. In the U.S. the largest spa category, accounting for seven of every ten spas, is day spa. Resort and hotel spas are the second largest, with club spas, medical spas, mineral spring spas and destination spas respectively trailing. Geographically speaking, the distribution of spas in the U.S. generally parallels that of the population distributions with the largest region being the North East. According to the ISPA (The International SPA Association) in 2003 there were approximately 136 million spa visits made in the U.S. Sixty percent (60%) of these visits were to day spas while 27% were to resort and hotel spas and the remaining 13% were spread across the four other types of spas. The U.S. spa industry generated an estimated $11.2 billion in revenues in that same year. Fifty two percent (52%) of a spa ¡Ã‚ ¦s revenue is gained from its treatment rooms. Despite being the largest segment, day spas, accounts only for just under half of that revenue at 49% The Kline Group research suggested a strong growth (2003-04) in the spa market close to 11% from driving forces such as: „à Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  High levels of media attention „à Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Increased number of product brands „à Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Greater consumer awareness of market products/benefits „à Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lower price points relative to surgical and non-surgical procedures „à Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Anti-aging trend continues Between 2002 and 2004 studies from the ISPA concurred with an annual growth rate of 12%. Since its growth rate peak in 2000 at 51%, the number has gradually moderated. As in any industry, demand is the driving force that determines how well the industry performs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Competitive Profile: With the largest population of day spas being located in the North East region the competition is tough but not unbeatable. Top Competitors in DaiSpa ¡Ã‚ ¦s market include: „X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Elizabeth Grady, Framingham, MA Hair, nails, body treatments, facials, make-up (direct competitor) „X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Paul Conzo Day Spa and Hair Salon, Worcester, MA Manicures, Pedicures, Body Wraps, Hair, Nails, Spa Treatment Packages, Facials, Glycol Peels „X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ardan Salon & D... ...ving to compete with beauty specialty stores that sell spa and salon products. Advertising and promotion will be subtly forcefull to if nothing else to get you excited and intrigued. Plant the  ¡Ã‚ §we should check that place out ¡Ã‚ ¨ seed. We will be running an extensive and quite costly advertising and promotion strategy. Radio, some local television during the prime news hours, drop leafs in major magazines, news print, bus sides, living and entertainment media. We will also be making brochures with our product and service menu available at local venues with coinsiding business i.e. health clubs, surgical offices, & medical offices. We will also place ads on bulletin boards of local universities and apartment/condo complexes. Service/Product Offering The following is a brief list of the services and products that will be offered at the spa: o Facials and Skin Care Treatment: European, corrective, therapeutic, and relaxing. o Nail services: Sculptured manicures, pedicures, and paraffin treatments. o Total Body Treatments: Full body massage, body wraps, reflexology treatments.. o Beauty Products: Full skin care line of facial and body products, herbs, and essential oils.

Pyscological Disorders Essay

Behaviourism has many different strengths and weaknesses. One strength of the approach is that is has successfully applied classical and operant condition to its theories. This is strength as it is used in different therapies such as systematic desensitization, which is a type of behaviour therapy to help overcome phobias and other anxiety disorders; it is based on classical conditioning. Another strength is that it uses scientific methods of research making it much more objective, measurable and observable as well as being able to obtain reliable results. An example of this is Banduras’ bobo doll of study of aggression. However, there are also weaknesses to this approach. The Behaviourism approach focuses too much on the â€Å"nurture† side of nature/nurture debate and suggests that all behaviour is learned. However, research has shown that cognitive and biological elements have been proved to affect individual’s behaviour. For example, people learn behaviour by observing others getting rewarded for certain actions. Another weakness is the ethical issues raised by using animals in experiments. This is because animals cannot consent to take part and are unable to withdraw themselves from experiments, for example, Pavlov’s dog studies. A major strength of this theory is that it is quick and affordable. As the behaviourism theory focuses on the future and what is happening now instead of the past, treatment can be quick and effective as they are not discussing past experiences which may be time consuming. However, because this theory ignores past experiences and influences, it may cause problems as individuals may need to discuss past experiences in order to sort their emotions out. Because this theory ignores them and focuses on present experiences it can cause a major problem as people may not be able to benefit from the therapy as they need to discuss their past. * Social Learning Theory: The Social Learning theory was developed my Albert Bandura who believed that we can learn by observing others. This theory however, has different strengths and weaknesses. One of the great strengths of the social learning theory is that it combines important models of learning. This therefore makes it a good education theory. Another strength is that children are seen are easy to teach and any child can be taught. Albert believed that motivation comes largely through praise. The praise, however, is seen indirectly, since it is the model that is praised, not the child. Once motivated, the model provides the bulk of teaching. The general concept is that children just the right environment to begin learning useful skills. Another strength is that it is an easy theory to grasp and it seems to be generally proven by actual experience. For example, when learning to play football, individuals often first watch a game on TV, which provides the inspiration and motivation to learn to play. However, there are weaknesses that question if this theory is correct. The main weakness of this theory is that is does not include the child’s cognitive development. While there are some cognitive insights in the social learning theory, they are not explained. Albert believed that a child was seen as a sponge, absorbing information through modelling. However, the child’s contribution to how models are absorbed is processed and worked out through time and is not present to any extent in the theory. Another weakness is that is does not have any given cause. The social learning theory explains that motivation exists though praise. However, it seems that motivation is socially conditioned, and therefore relative. The social learning then takes the basic social structure as normative and standard, without judgement. * Psychodynamic: This theory was developed by Sigmund Freud and Erik Erickson and believed that we are not always aware of all aspects of ourselves. They ignored all science theories and focused going â€Å"inside the head†. However this theory has different strengths and weaknesses. One strength of the psychodynamic theory is that is focused on the effects that childhood experiments have on the personality. This is a strength because Freud was the first psychologist to realise the importance of childhood. It also led to other psychologists including Piaget developing theories on childhood. Another strength is that it takes both nature and nurture into account. This is a major strength as is emphasise the importance of both. For example, Freud’s assumption of childhood experiences focused on nurture whereas the ID, Ego and Super-ego focused on nature. However, a weakness of the psychodynamic approach is that it is capable of being tested. This is a weakness because the assumptions cannot be scientifically measured or proved wrong, for example, is the idea of the mind being split into three parts. This cannot be proven so therefore questions if its valid information. Another weakness is that it suggests that all behaviour is pre-determined and people do not have free will. * Biological approach: The biological approach was developed by Arnold Gessel who explained the developmental process and stages involved from conception onwards. A strength of this theory is that it is very scientific. This is a major strength because the experiments used are measurable, objective and can be repeated to obtain reliable results. Also, the researcher has more control over the variable. Another strength of the approach is that it increases the likelihood of being able to treat people with abnormal behaviour and provides explanations about the causes of behaviour. This is a major strength as it can be used to improve people’s lives. However, a weakness of the biological approach is that is focuses too much on the â€Å"nature† side of the nature/nurture debate. It argues that behaviour is caused by hormones, neurotransmitters and genetics. Another weakness of the biological approach is that it develops theories about disorders and generalises them to apply to everyone. It does not take into account the view that humans are unique. An example for is that general adaption syndrome assumes that everyone responds in the same way to stress but does not take into account that some people have or need more support than others. * Cognitive: The Cognitive theory was development by Jean Piaget who believed children are born with a very basic mental structure, genetically inherited and evolved, in which all subsequent learning and knowledge is based. One strength of the cognitive approach is that is looks at thought processes which were ignored by other psychologists, especially behaviourists. It looks at processes such as memory, attention and perception which all have an effect on our behaviour. Another strength of this approach is that its theories have been applied to cognitive therapies such as rational emotive therapy which is a therapy that focuses on resolving emotional and behavioural problems and helping people to lead happier and more fulfilling lives. This therapy has been successful in changing irrational thoughts so that behaviour improves. However, a weakness of the cognitive approach is that it reduces human behaviour down to individual processes such as memory and attention. This is a weakness because the human is a product of all the processes working together and not just individual parts. Another weaknesses is that the approach is too mechanical, it compares the human to computers and suggests they have similar though processes. This is a weakness as humans are much more complex than computers. * Humanistic: The humanistic approach was developed by a psychologist called Abraham Maslow who observed the study of the whole person. He looked at human behaviour not only through the eyes of the observed, but through the eyes of the person doing the behaving. A strength of this theory is that is focuses on both the positive nature of humankind and the free will associated with change. Another strength is the way in which many of its aspects fit well with other approaches. Many therapies have provided a more humanistic undertone in their work with clients. Even though they may argue that the humanistic theory does not go far enough, they see the benefit in helping people change. However, a weakness of this theory if that is appears to centre on its lack of concrete treatment on specific issues. With the basic concept behind the theory being free will, it is difficult to develop treatments and study the effectiveness of this theory. Secondly, there are those who believe that the humanistic theory does not help those with more severe personality or mental health problems. Another weakness is that this theory is still not complete as there are different questions that are still unanswered. For example, are people basically good or are their some individuals who are not capable of this? As these questions are still unanswered it questions if the theory is effective.